Justice Minister Oswald Tweh Receives the Forest bible from MFGAP’s Team Lead Letia Mosenene. The DayLight/Harry Browne
By Varney Kamara
MONROVIA – The Ministry of Justice has received 150 copies of the “forest bibles, books containing environmental laws and regulations governing Liberia’s forestry sector.
The lack of understanding of environmental laws and compliance regulations has significantly hampered prosecution and enforcement efforts in the country’s forest sector.
The books, comprising basic definitions, crimes, and fines, aims to close this gap. It is an undertaking of the Multi-stakeholder Forest Governance and Accountability Project (MFGAP), funded by the British government.
“This is a very good opportunity to understand the laws. It will improve the prosecutorial arm of the ministry because our prosecutors and county attorneys will have all of them at their fingertips,” said Justice Minister N. Oswald Tweh.
“In many instances, our prosecutors have to find the law, define and explain it. Now, summarizing them in a single place makes their task easier. This is a very good step.”
In May 2017, the Forestry Development Authority published the overview of the legal framework for forests, meant to improve sectoral governance and ensure compliance. However, progress has been marginal, with the sector plagued by irregularities and noncompliance.
Lucia Gbala, a representative of Heritage Partners and Associates, the firm that compiled the books, said it would enhance accountability in the sector.
“The best lawyers need to know where to find the laws,” Gbala said. “Putting these laws together and compiling all of the relevant laws for the work of prosecutors and other laws to be able to have easy access and educate the communities.”
Letla Mosenene, MFGAP’s team lead, said her group was working with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and other agencies to ensure sufficient awareness of forestry and regulations.
“This is one of the efforts we are making to ensure that the people obey the laws, and that they effectively participate in governance of the forest sector,” said Mosenene. “We think this tool will go a long way to help the ministry carry on its work.”
Top: The Zor Community Forest covers 1,140 hectares. The DayLight/Franklin K. Nehyalor
By Franklin K. Nehyalor
ZOR, Nimba County – Local leaders in a northeastern community seek more support to conserve their forest.
The Zor Community Forest in Zor Chiefdom in the Gbehlay-Geh District of Nimba County has support from ArcelorMittal Liberia and NGOs. With the support, Zor, a conservation forest, has established cocoa and oil palm farms, recruited forest guards, and conducted training for community members. The community has also provided loans locals have invested to purchase a rice mill and cassava-processing machines.
However, Zor needs more to develop its ecotourism to continue to protect its forest resources.
“We need technical and financial incentives to better preserve our forest and make our community a place of attraction for investors and businesses,” says Robert Mahn, Zor’s executive committee chairman. “But for this to happen, we need constant monthly salary for forest guards, declaration of ecotourism site, and reclamation of our forestland from foreigners.”
“To reduce deforestation, poaching and other illegal activities, we need the necessary support for the community to realize its ecotourism dream,” says Grace Yeeplah, Treasurer of the Executive Committee of the Zor Community Forest. “These efforts have helped us to improve conservation in the last 10 years. We need help to continue with them.”
Cocoa being sunbaked in Zor, Nimba County. File picture: Zor Community Forest
Zor’s push for ecotourism is a significant step in line with the government’s pledge to conserve 30 percent of Liberia’s forest, which forms the largest portion of West Africa’s remaining rainforests. The Community Rights Law…, which created community forestry, allows locals to co-manage forests alongside the government.
However, unfriendly environmental practices like logging, mining, bad farming methods and other forms of deforestation often undermine these efforts, according to a World Bank report. Between 2002 and 2022, Liberia lost 23 percent of its primary forest due to rampant deforestation, according to the World Resources Institute (WRI), which tracks global deforestation.
“More needs to be done,” says James Otto, a lead campaigner at the Sustainable Development Institute. “The community must set up governance systems and structures that will pay attention to issues like benefits for those who have and those who don’t. They must consider seeking partnerships outside, and external support from other entities who have an interest in ecotourism,” adds Otto.
Zor Community Forest lies adjacent to the East Nimba Nature Reserve (ENNR), home to nearly 3,000 different species. Zor is a buffer between the reserve and forests on Liberia’s border with Guinea and Ivory Coast. Covering 1,140 hectares, Zor has faced significant threats from illegal mining, poaching, and commercial agriculture in the past, with hunters from Ivory Coast and Guinea.
So, for over a decade, community leaders in Zor constantly employ conservation and sustainable livelihood initiatives to address these challenges.
Currently, the community has recruited and trained 22 forest guards, who regularly patrol the forest. In October last year, the FDA conducted a joint forest guard training with community rangers with the ENNR. In November 2023, an MoU agreement reached between AML and the Zor community turned former bushmeat sellers and hunters into forest protectors in local communities such as Zolowee, Gbapa, Suakasue and Zortapa.
“We have mobilized the community, created awareness on the need to save the forest and the environment,” explains Mahn. “These efforts are meant to empower our people in ways that will discourage them from harming the forest and its species.”
New development
Zor maintains a host of community livelihood programs through which it protects its forest.
With support from ArcelorMittal Liberia and the NGO, the Multi-stakeholder Forest Governance and Accountability Project (MFGAP), the community processes rice, cocoa, and cassava. ArcelorMittal provides US$160 for community forest guards on a quarterly basis. On the other hand, MFGAP provided US$112,971 to strengthen Zor’s governance system, develop its business model and provide other needs.
Also, Zor has set up 40 acres of oil palm farms in 20 towns adjacent to the rocky forest, with two acres established in each of the beneficiary communities. Zor has a rice mill that helps to increase farmers’ productivity and reduce their high cost of labor, while at the same time generating proceeds from minimal fees charged.
Zor Community Forest’s leaders inspecting a cassava processing machine. File picture: Zor Community Forest
Depending on the size, each farmer is charged LD130 or LD150 to mill a bucket full of rice. Zor’s leadership retains 70 percent of the proceeds into a community account, distributing 30 percent to the rice milling machine maintenance team. Of the 70 percent, 40 percent goes to the landowning communities, while the remaining portion is used for administrative purposes.
Despite the prevailing challenges, Zor remains hopeful of achieving their ecotourism desire provided they receive the necessary support.
“We will get many benefits with the ecotourism project,” says Mahn. “With the right support, we expect the community to come alive with hospitality. We also expect business investment, jobs, economic growth and new community development.”
